OCD
Trapped in a loop the mind cannot escape.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurring, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). These compulsions are performed to ease the anxiety caused by obsessions, but provide only temporary relief and often reinforce the cycle.
Key Symptoms
- ◆Intrusive, unwanted thoughts or fears
- ◆Repetitive rituals (washing, checking, counting)
- ◆Significant time consumed by obsessions/compulsions (1+ hours daily)
- ◆Distress when unable to perform rituals
- ◆Fear of contamination or germs
- ◆Need for symmetry or exactness
- ◆Unwanted aggressive or taboo thoughts
- ◆Hoarding behavior
Common Causes
- ◆Genetic factors
- ◆Brain structure differences (orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus)
- ◆Serotonin dysregulation
- ◆Childhood trauma or streptococcal infection (PANDAS)
- ◆Learned behaviors
Treatment Options
- ◆Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) therapy
- ◆CBT with OCD specialization
- ◆SSRIs (fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, clomipramine)
- ◆Mindfulness-based approaches
- ◆Deep Brain Stimulation (for treatment-resistant OCD)
Key Facts
OCD affects about 2–3% of people worldwide.
It often begins in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood.
OCD is a leading cause of disability due to its interference with daily life.
Many people with OCD suffer for years before receiving an accurate diagnosis.